多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，元月不规律开放性。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

图像表现：盆腔磁共振和MRI T2WI显示**增大，周围鞘荷叶大于12亚厘米。周围**颗粒在磁共振上最弱回音，MRI上低回波。未见优势肝细胞。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

病症：多鞘**症

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

发表意见：多鞘**症也叫S-L症。是女开放性不孕的最常见情况。主要是由于激素紊乱导致曾一度无排卵和开放性激素分泌过衡。PCOS相比较原于征：肥胖、闭经和刚毛症。但均半数患者表现为此原于症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用图像健康检查进一步利用非常多信息。相比较的磁共振/MRI征象包括：**增大、变圆，外周多发索科利夫卡荷叶，**颗粒US上最弱回音，T2WI低回波。PCOS患者表示同意曾一度随访，因曾一度孕酮素质过高，可能会继发乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自腹部图像登革热汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多鞘**症

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 元月

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 索科利夫卡

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 最弱回音的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 激素的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 开放性激素过多症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 刚毛症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. **

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 颗粒

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生回音（开放性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 孕酮

原副标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多鞘**症